Radiology in Thai

Archive for the ‘Radiology Markers’ Category

Digital recordings have many advantages over analogue tape recordings. These advantages impact not only on the quality of the final recording, but also result in reduced transcription time which, in turn, reduces costs. The recent spate of postal strikes has proved the last straw for some analogue transcription clients and has prompted them to make the switch to digital.

For clients who have traditionally recorded all their material on standard audio tapes, mini tapes or micro cassettes, the postal strikes have effectively brought any transcription work to a standstill, with a subsequent impact on their businesses. Even those clients who have switched to minidiscs to produce better quality recordings still rely on the post to deliver the discs to their transcribers. Clients have been forced to place extra burdens on their own in-house staff merely to complete regular work which their outsourced transcription company usually takes care of. Some clients have resorted to expensive courier deliveries simply in order to meet urgent deadlines.

There is one practical way round this impasse for analogue clients until the postal strikes ease. Some clients have been able to rerecord their analogue tapes on to digital sound files (with a bit of hand holding from their transcriber!). By using a sound editing software such as Goldwave, it’s fairly easy to rerecord tapes on to the PC as digital sound files. You simply need an inexpensive audio lead to connect the tape recorder headphone socket to the audio ‘in’ socket of the PC – transcription companies can usually provide a set of step by step instructions to help you through this. However, this will only work if the original tapes are clearly audible. If you try to rerecord a poor quality recording, you will only magnify any background noise or tape hiss, and the subsequent digital rerecording may well be inaudible and impossible to transcribe.

Assuming you’ve made a successful and clear digital recording of your analogue tapes, the next step is to transmit the digital files over the Internet to your transcriber using a secure FTP service. Digital sound files are very large, so you do need a fast Internet connection to make the transfer. Most transcription companies provide this FTP service at no extra cost to their clients. Sending digital files via an online service can be made on the same day from anywhere in the world, thus avoiding the delays experienced in sending tapes through the post. There are also no return postage costs to add to the final bill – digital files can simply be deleted when transcribed.

One permanent solution to any future postal problems is to ‘go digital’. While analogue clients have experienced extra hassle and expense because of the strikes, digital clients have been largely unaffected. The many advantages to digital are discussed in more depth in another article but briefly, digital recorders produce a superior quality recording which doesn’t deteriorate over time. There are no recording length restrictions as there are with tapes – digital recordings are as long as you need them to be. Sound files do not ‘physically’ break or become mangled and it’s easy to add additional material in the middle of a recording, for instance, for dictation. There are also fewer physical storage space issues with digital – back up recordings to CD take up less shelf space than tapes.

By eliminating the postal system entirely from the process, postage costs also disappear, along with the risk of losing precious original tapes. With digital recordings, you’re simply sending a copy of the digital file, while the original stays on your PC, as with any other document sent via email or online transfer. There’s also none of the usual deterioration experienced when copying tapes. The digital copy you send is just as clear as the original. Digital recordings can also be easily edited to cut out sections which don’t need to be transcribed. An added bonus of digital recordings is that audio time markers can be inserted to indicate precisely where inaudible or unclear words may be. Tape recorders and playback transcription equipment have different counters so audio time markers for analogue tapes are inaccurate.

Admittedly, digital recordings can’t entirely avoid all hiccoughs, such as Internet connection problems. However, there are usually ways round such difficulties. Using a nearby secretarial service or a library Internet facility will still allow you to send the digital audio files to the transcriber. A power failure over a wide area is about the only thing likely to scupper such plans, but then so does a prolonged, nationwide postal strike when trying to send tapes. Another plus point with digital is that, as most recordings are of superb quality, transcription companies can offer a fixed per audio minute price so that clients know in advance what their overall transcription costs will be. Tape quality is too variable to be able to do this, and is usually charged at an hourly rate.

As well as the current difficulties experienced with an interrupted postal service, analogue recordings have numerous other disadvantages. They produce inferior quality recordings which are more subject to tape hiss and background noise interference. All audio tapes have a limited life and if reused too many times can break or become chewed up. They’re very restrictive in terms of tape length and parts of the recording may be missed as the tape is turned over. It’s also impossible to add additional material to the middle of a recording without erasing something which follows. Even when the post is functioning normally, tapes can take time to reach the transcriber or can be lost in transit and postage costs are additional.

So next time the vagaries of the postal service threaten to interrupt the way you do business, consider a switch to digital recordings and ditch analogue. A transcription company will be able to advise on how to rerecord your audio tapes on to digital files. They’ll also be able to discuss the pros and cons of digital versus analogue recordings and open up a new, more efficient and cost effective way of working.

Sometimes, the person in charge of a meeting doesn’t do what is required to help keep the meeting on track…and then it becomes necessary for someone in attendance to help do that. If that person is you (and it might as well be you!), then here are some tips:

Ask the person in charge to send an agenda ahead of time. This request alone will surprise people since so many meetings that are held have no agenda whatsoever, and for the ones that do, they are rarely sent ahead of time. If the person in charge doesn’t think an agenda is needed, offer to help put one together with his/her input. Because of the novelty of the idea of having an agenda, this request may be rejected–or may be welcomed. Be ready to insist gently that you can help. Remember, it’s going to make the meeting more effective for you and all the others in attendance. If, however, an agenda still has not been sent prior to the meeting, ask that one be generated at the start of the meeting. Your colleagues may be stunned when you make this request, however you are demonstrating leadership by asking for an agenda (something that essentially all professionals know that good meetings have, although an agenda does not necessarily ensure a good meeting!). You can certainly ask it in such a way that everyone ‘saves face.’ For example, when I was a professor, sometimes I’d say, “Gosh, I can easily get off track, so could we possibly generate an agenda so that I can stay focused.” Always bring your planner/calendar (paper or electronic) to the meeting and encourage others to do so, also. There’s no excuse for people to come to a meeting with nothing more than their head, especially at university meetings where more meetings are often scheduled at the current meeting. Bring a few pads of Post-it? notes, flip chart paper, and markers to the meetings, just in case they are needed and aren’t readily available. Yes, it means you have to schlep a few items, but it pays off, believe me. Sticky notes were the items I most often had handy (and took along deliberately). Listen intently to the exchange during the meeting so that you can interject helpful comments and redirect people by asking cogent questions. As much as you may want to escape to a mental place other than at the meeting, be intentional about staying with the meeting so you can help support and guide the process. If no one is designated to take minutes, volunteer. Keeping the minutes forces you to listen differently and to ensure that details are included (e.g., decisions, names of those responsible, etc.) The recorder is the most powerful member of a group as s/he determines the written history of the session. Send out the minutes (or comments related to the meeting) via email as soon as possible after the meeting has concluded. This is another action that will surprise people. You’ll get a reputation (a positive one). Ask that the next meeting be scheduled before the current meeting ends…and since everyone will have their planner (see #4), this should be doable. Be prepared to be a leader. Leaders sometimes have the title, but many times, actions are the distinguishing factor.

Often people think these ideas sound too bold. Here’s my response…Be bold. Be productive and help others be productive, too. If you would like to…

Oncologists diagnose and treat patients suffering with cancers. Though not all cancers, if caught early enough, are a death sentence for the patients, it is important for those looking into oncology jobs to know what diagnostic work they will have to undertake. In fact, each facility, whether governmental or private, will provide a number of diagnostic tools to allow the successful candidates to make the appropriate diagnoses that may well save the lives of many people with cancer.

One of the most important aspects of oncology jobs is the ability to properly and successfully diagnose a patient’s symptoms. This allows oncologists to decide which cancer they are dealing with, the stage of the cancer, the health and ability of the patient to fight the disease and what measures need to be taken. Most importantly, the diagnostic type methods and tools can make the difference between successful treatment and the extreme suffering of a patient, with the potential for death. These tools and methods include:

reviewing patient symptoms – paraneoplastic type phenomena, unexplained fevers/anaemia, weight loss, fatigue, etc. locating a potential malignancy or cancer tumor(s) taking samples of potentially cancerous cells or tumors through biopsies (excisional or incisional) doing endoscopies (nasendoscopy, bronchoscopy, lower gastrointestinal or upper gastrointestinal) ordering varied radiology and/or nuclear medicine type tests to look for cancerous masses, cancerous cells or pre-cancerous growths (ultrasound, MRIs, CT scans, X-rays, positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, scintigraphy, etc.) ordering specialized blood type tests to test for white blood counts and varied tumor type markers ordering empirical therapy – based on the test results if an exact type of cancer diagnosis has not been possible to make doing tests and exams for lumps where main tumors cannot be identified or located

Oncology jobs have an important role in diagnosing cancer of all types in patients. Through these series of methods and tools, oncologists on the job can best assure that they diagnose the correct type of cancer, how far along it has progressed, what the life expectancy of the patient will be and how best to treat it.